FITOP 1.68, FITOP 3.69, FITOP 4.70, FITOP 13.71, FITOP 14.72, FITOP 15.73, FITOP 16.74, FITOP 19.75
Biological active substance

Experimental products on the base of bacteria Bacillus to improve and recover plant health
These biological active substances have the same mechanisms of action, but vary in microorganisms in their compositions, which are effective against different phytopathogen, and produce a wide range of various biological active substances. Therefore, their final effects on agrobiocenosis are different. To identify the best Fitop for your needs, to reach the maximum positive effects, it is recommended trying every preparation of the FITOP product line by turns.

Dosage form: liquid.

Presentation: 10 ml glass vial with rubber stoppers and aluminum caps; 10 ml plastic dropper bottle.

Identification: Light brown to dark brown liquid with a specific ammonia odor. A light brown residue is allowed.

Composition:
Spore biomass of bacteria Bacillus and the medium saturated with their metabolic products.
1 ml of the active substance contains no less than 1x109 CFU (colony-forming units) of live bacteria of each strain of microorganisms.

Table 1

Name of FITOP

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus licheniformis

VKPM B-10641 (DSM 24613)

VKPM B-10642 (DSM 24614)

VKPM B-10643 (DSM 24615)

VKPM B-10561 (DSM 24609)

VKPM B-10562 (DSM 24610)

VKPM B-10563 (DSM 24611)

VKPM B-10564 (DSM 24612)

1.68

3.69

4.70

13.71

14.72

15.73

16.74

19.75


Biological properties:
Treatments by Fitop allow plants to fight against various plant disease agents:
Didymella applanata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium moniliformes, Fusarium sporotrichiella, Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora infestans, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Septoria ribis, mixed infections caused by bacteria Pseudomonas and Erwinia.

Over the period of the life activity industrial bacterial strains produce various polyene antibiotics. In addition, the industrial strains produce amylolytic, cellulolytic, proteolytic enzymes which stimulate humidification processes in soil, and thus soil fertility is increased.

APPLICATION

Application ways:
Fitop is used to improve and recover plant health by the following ways:
- treatment of seeds, tubers, bulbs, etc. before planting;
- treatment of the root system in transplanting / planting;
- treatment of plants of field crops, garden plants and vegetables, plants for the urban landscape (flowers, shrubs, lawn grass, etc.) at their vegetative period;
- watering of field crops, garden plants and vegetables, plants for urban landscaping;
- soil treatment in greenhouses, fields, gardens, etc.;
- treatment of vegetables, fruits, grains after harvest.

Treatment of seeds, tubers, bulbs, etc. before sowing
Pre-sowing treatment of seeds, tubers, bulbs, etc. is made to settle microorganisms which are active agents of Fitop on seed surfaces.
Getting into soil the bacteria convert to the vegetative state, intensively reproduce themselves, and secrete products of life activity that inhibit the growth and development of pathogenic, opportunistic and putrefactive microflora. As a result the composition of microbial communities which are specific for the definite plant species is formed and will have been maintained for many years. It can be altered only by external factors such as application of fertilizer, treatment with herbicides or fungicides, etc.
As the result of the treatment by Fitop, germinative energy and germination rate increase, the process of root formation accelerates. While the root system is developing, the rhizosphere is inhabited by the bacteria having been settled on the surface of the seed, thus, species composition of microorganisms in soil becomes close to optimal for a definite plant species.

The microorganisms – producers of nitrogen and phosphorus are significantly increased in number; quantitative and species compositions of nematodes come to normal, and larvae of colorado potato beetle are not able to develop (Fitop 14.72). Plant development becomes more active. The plant is less subject to infections and more resistant to adverse environmental factors such as drought, frost, etc. In process of growth and development, the plant realizes its maximum species potential, and gives the best crop.

The treatment of seeds is made by soaking in a working mixture or by spraying. A seed surface must be completely wet. To remove excess plant pathogens a combined biological and chemical seed treatment by a tank-mix of chemical protectants and Fitop is allowed. Microorganisms which are active agents of Fitop are compatible with the following water-suspension protectant concentrates: Vital TT, Bulat and Tebutin. Vitas and Fitop are considered incompatible. If other chemical protectants are used, a compatibility test should be carried out in manufacturer’s testing laboratories for biotechnological control. The same test is recommended to be done for herbicides, fungicides, insecticides.

Fitop consumption rate to treat seeds and tubers is directly proportional to their specific surface area, the way of treatment and water sorption capacity.

Table 2. Consumption rate of the working mixture with Fitop to treat grain seeds, tubers and bulbs

Seed material

Qty of Fitop, ml

Qty of water for working mixture, liter

Consumption rate of the working mixture for 1 ton of seeds, liter

Grain seeds

10

50 - 100

10

Tubers, bulbs

10

50 - 100

10 - 20


The working mixture with Fitop is prepared before a treatment.
If seed phytoanalysis has not been performed, the treatment by the working mixture with the highest concentration of Fitop active agents is recommended.

The seed surface should be completely wetted with the working mixture. Seed drying at room temperature after soaking before sowing is allowed.

Treatment of root system in (trans)planting plants (trees, shrubs, seedlings, etc.)
Root system is treated by soaking roots in the working mixture with Fitop. In soaking sufficiency in wetting should be taken into consideration, but not the time period of soaking. Duration of soaking does not matter. If there is no possibility to soak roots, they can be treated by spraying with Fitop or by watering with plenty of Fitop working solution directly into a hole before planting. Watering the having been planted plants with the Fitop working solution is desirable after any way of the treatment.

Table 3. Consumption rate of working mixture with Fitop to treat roots when transplanting

Treated part of a plant

Qty of Fitop, ml

Qty of water for working mixture with 10 ml Fitop, liter

Consumption rate of the working mixture, liter

Roots

10

No more than 500

Complete wetting


Working solution with Fitop is prepared before use.
The processes occurring in the rhizosphere of plants and the effects during their growth and development are similar to ones described above.

Treatment of field crops, garden plants and vegetables, plants for urban landscaping (flowers, shrubs, lawn grass, etc.) at vegetative stage
Plants at vegetative stage are treated mainly to suppress the growth and development of pathogens on the surface of plant leaves, stems and fruit. The plants should be completely wetted with the working mixture.
The frequency of treatment depends on plant health status and kind of disease caused by phytopathogenic microflora. As for grain plants, the first treatment is recommended in the stage of stalk-shooting.
The working solution is prepared as described above in "Treatment of root system in (trans)planting plants (trees, shrubs, seedlings, etc.)" before treatment.

Watering field crops, garden plants and vegetables, plants for urban landscaping
Watering plants with Fitop is applied to improve and recover the soil microbial composition and, therefore, to stimulate plant growth and development, to increase plant resistance to adverse environmental factors (drought, frost, aerial contamination and etc.).
The working solution is prepared as described above in "Treatment of root system in (trans)planting plants (trees, shrubs, seedlings, etc.)".
Consumption rate and frequency of watering depend on soil moisture, weather conditions, plant health status (active or suppressed).

Soil treatment in greenhouses, fields, gardens, etc.
Soil treatment is performed to reduce the quantity of putrefactive, pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, to restore evolutionary normal microbial composition and, therefore, to improve soil fertility.
Working solutions are prepared as described in "Treatment of root system in (trans)planting plants (trees, shrubs, seedlings, etc.)".
The penetration depth of the working solution with Fitop into soil is 6-7 cm.
The consumption rate of the working solution depends on soil composition, its sorptive capacity concerning water, moisture, etc.

Treatment of vegetables, fruit, grains and beans after harvesting
Treatment is aimed to improve the keeping quality of crops in transportation and storage life. Owing to the capacity of microorganisms, which are active agents of Fitop, to inhibit the growth and development of putrefactive organisms, storage life is extended. For instance, the treatment of potato tubers provides 90-95% crop quality to be kept over a storage period.
Post-harvest treatment of fruit and vegetables allows not using special temperature conditions in medium- term transportation.
Vegetable and fruit surfaces should be completely treated. After treatment it is recommended drying fruit and vegetables at above 15°C.
Consumption rate are described in "Treatment of seeds, tubers, bulbs, etc. before sowing".

Special notes: Agricultural products after Fitop treatment are used for food purposes without any restrictions.
Mixed applying of Fitop with chemical pesticides and other bacterial products without preliminary compatibility test is not recommended.

Safety precautions : No special precautions required.
Keep the preparation out of the reach and sight of children.

Storage conditions: Store at temperatures of (0 – 10)ºС.
Transportation and temporary storage at temperatures from 10ºС up to 30ºС are permitted for 18 days.

Shelf life: 2 years after the date of manufacture. Do not use after the expiry date.